“Houston is a city of resilience and strength.” – Beyoncé
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Texas was the final region to receive word of emancipation, in June of 1865, after the Civil War. It was also the place where enslaved African descendants were brought by the Spanish into Spanish Texas. Their entry preceded Jamestown’s 19 blacks by nearly 100-years, arriving around 1528. Until 1836 Texas was Mexican territory and they outlawed slavery in 1824. Stephen Austin established a colony on a grant inherited from his father in 1821 and in order to lure settlers to his colony he contracted ownership of 80-acres for each bondsman they brought with them. Slavery was a tenuous Texas institution until after the Texas Revolution and the 1845 admission of Texas to statehood. By the 1850s thirty percent of the population was comprised of slaves and at the start of the Civil War they numbered 182,566. The Civil War did not stop the trade, in fact, Texas is the only state where the enslaved population actually grew. Southern owners moved their slaves to the interior of Texas because they were considered “safer.” #explorehouston
Houston was established on 6,600-acres at the juncture of Buffalo Bayou and White Oak bayous in 1836. Two brothers, John and Augustus paid $10,000 for land to build a trading post. The settlement was named after Sam Houston and was Texas’ capitol for 2-years. In 1839 Houston was divided into four wards numbered clockwise and were designated, geographical, political districts.
The city boasts seven sites on the international UNESCO Slave Route. The route was initiated in 1994 to combat the general lack of knowledge surrounding the international slave trade and its ramifications. The Houston sites include Antioch Missionary Baptist Church, Emancipation Park, Gregory School African American Library, Olivewood Cemetery and three historic homes, the Kellum House, Fourth Ward Cottage, and the Yates House,
Many emancipated slaves migrated to Houston after freedom was official. They founded a settlement that became known as Freedmen’s Town in the Third Ward. It became a center of culture and business and in the 1930s housed 33% of Houston’s black residents. The 10-acre Emancipation Park dates from 1872 and was purchased by former slaves for $1,000. Some of the streets feature handmade and paved bricks that date from 1865. Freedmen’s Town was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1984. @visit_houston
Texas Southern University (TSU), once named the Houston College for Negroes, is one of the largest HBCUs in the US. It was founded as an outgrowth of H. Sweatt’s quest to go to Univ. of Texas’ School of Law. The school refused to integrate and instead created TSU to get around the law.
Third Ward was the place where Beyoncé grew up. Her home is privately owned but can be viewed from the exterior.
In the Fourth Ward the 1866 Antioch Missionary Baptist Church, the first African American Baptist Church in Houston, stands. On their third site 9 former slaves erected the first brick structure in Houston to be built and owned by African-Americans in 1879.
The Kinsey African American Art & History Collection is on view at the Houston Holocaust Museum and it is not to be missed. The Kinsey Collection features paintings, sculptures, photographs, documents and artifacts highlighting African American life from 1595 to present day. The exhibit juxtaposes the Holocaust experience with that of African American slavery. A life-sized rail car is particularly poignant. hmh.org
The Buffalo Soldiers National Museum is dedicated to collecting and preserving the stories of the African American military. The museum is divided both thematically and chronologically with artifacts, photographs, dioramas, artwork and videos. A special exhibit, “The Blue Helmets in Action,” focuses on the 93rd Infantry Division, the first WWII activated African American combat division. Buffalosoldiersmuseum.org
NASA/Space Center Houston offers an opportunity to get closer to space through tram tours, videos and exhibits. Highlights of a visit include a facilities tour, Historic Mission Operation Control Room, Artemis Exhibit, Astronaut Training Facility and a tactile experience with a moon rock!
La Maison in Midtown, an urban bed and breakfast, provides perfect accommodations for a Houston visit. Each room is creatively furnished and offers all the amenities including WIFI. A full breakfast is chef prepared and served daily.
Barbara Jordan, a graduate of TSU, was the first African American female Congresswoman and the first African American state senator since 1883. A life-sized sculpture of a seated Jordan is on the exterior of what was a historic post office building. The building is now a multi-use structure with shops, a food court and the country’s largest rooftop urban farm. The roof has public spaces and breath-taking, panoramic, city views.
Toast your trip at Pur Noire Urban Wineries, the first Black-owned urban winery in the downtown area. Pur Noire is owned by Carissa and Kenneth Stephens and a visit is an adventure in culture, camaraderie, soul food and exceptional wine. #houstontx
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